Composite Design Pattern

A Composite is a tree structure consisting of individual objects mixed with compositions of objects, that is, objects that have other objects as their children. The goal of the Composite pattern is to be able to treat individual objects and compositions of objects the same way. All objects in the Composite are derived from Composite itself.  
In the book"Design Patterns" Gamma et al., Addison-Wesley" Composite pattern describe like this "Compose objects into tree structures to represent whole-part hierarchies. Composite lets clients treat individual objects and compositions of objects uniformly." 


This pattern allows to set up a tree structure and ask each element in the tree structure to perform a task. A typical tree structure would be a company organization chart, where the CEO is at the top and other employees at the bottom. After the tree structure is established, you can then ask each element, or employee, to perform a common operation.

Fig: The concept of composite pattern

Fig:UML of the composite pattern

- Create a console project in visual studio

- Create Interface of named it IEmployee

IEmployee.cs

  public interface IEmployee

    {

        void ShowLevel();

    }

- Create a class Worker and implement IEmployee

public class Worker:IEmployee

    {

        private string name;

        private int level;

        public Worker(string name, int level)

        {

            this.name = name;

            this.level = level;

        }

        void IEmployee.ShowLevel()

        {

            Console.WriteLine(name + " Access Level:" + level);

        }

    }

- Create Admin class and implement IEmployee

public class Admin:IEmployee

    {

        private string name;

        private int level;

        private List<IEmployee> subLevelObj = new List<IEmployee>();

     

        public Admin(string name, int level)

        {

            this.name = name;

            this.level = level;

        }

        void IEmployee.ShowLevel()

        {

            Console.WriteLine(name + " Access level of:" + level);

            //show all sub level

            foreach (IEmployee i in subLevelObj)

                i.ShowLevel();

        }

        public void AddSubLevel(IEmployee employeeObj)

        {

            subLevelObj.Add(employeeObj);

        }

    }

 - In the programs.cs file

static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            Worker aObj = new Worker("Faruk",4);

            Admin bObj = new Admin("Omar", 7);

            Admin cObj = new Admin("Jubayer",9);

            Admin dObj = new Admin("Khalid",8);

            Worker eObj = new Worker("Miki",6);

            Worker fObj = new Worker("Rajib",5);

            //Now Setup the relations

            bObj.AddSubLevel(dObj); //khalid belongs to Omar

            dObj.AddSubLevel(eObj); //miki belongs to khalid

            cObj.AddSubLevel(bObj); //Omar belongs to Jubayer

            cObj.AddSubLevel(fObj); //Rajib belongs to Jubayer

            bObj.AddSubLevel(aObj); //Faruk belongs to Omar

            //Jubayer shows the lavel and ask everyont to do the same

            if (cObj is IEmployee)

                (cObj as IEmployee).ShowLevel();

            Console.ReadKey();

        }